\begin{eqnarray}
&&\alpha_{p}\equiv \lambda_{p}-\lambda_{p},\;1\leq p \leq k-1,\\
&& \alpha_{k} \equiv 2\lambda_{k}\nonumber. 
\end{eqnarray}
ریشه‌های  غیر ساده:
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-8mm}\alpha_{p\,q} \equiv \lambda_{p}- \lambda_{q} 
\equiv \alpha_{p}+ \alpha_{p+1}+\cdots+\alpha_{q-1};
\hspace{28mm} 1\leq p <q\leq k ,\hspace{8mm}p<q-1,
 \\
&&\hspace{-8mm}\beta_{p\,q}
\equiv \lambda_{p}+\lambda_{q} \equiv \alpha_{p}+ \alpha_{p+1}+\cdots
+\alpha_{k-1}+\alpha_{q}+\alpha_{q+1}+\cdots+\alpha_{k-1}+\alpha_{k};
\hspace{8mm} 1\leq p <q\leq k ,  \nonumber  \\
&&\hspace{-8mm}\gamma_{p}
\equiv 2\lambda_{p}
 \equiv 2\alpha_{p}+ 2\alpha_{p+1}+
\cdots+2\alpha_{k-1}+\alpha_{k};\hspace{50mm} 1\leq p<k. \nonumber  
\end{eqnarray}